safe operation of a smart power system

The proposed system enhances electrical safety by fast disconnection of the power supply in case of fault events like leakage current, electrical arc, overcurrent or overvoltage and has been designed with the goal to be integrated in smart environments . __gtagTracker('set', { Fast switchover. 166 Smart Grid Safety and Security: Educational and Research Activities Disturbances in smart grid operation can originate from natural disasters, failures, human factors, terrorism, and so on. [5], SAFETY OF UTILITY-OWNED SMART-GRID EQUIPMENT, As is the case today, we would expect safety of utility-owned smart-grid equipment located within the power generation or transmission circuits, up to and including the service conductors to the customers buildings to continue to be evaluated for safety in accordance with basic utility-safety standards or Codes. These ESSs can be used for any power ow system in a variety of ways, such as providing services for renewable power smoothing, peak demand shaving, frequency regulation, etc. Aerospace Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); a fault, electrical power is supplied from the installed DGs, and an optimized reconguration is demonstrated in some congurations. The implementation of advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is widely seen as one of the first steps in the digitization of the electric grids control systems. This is not new: both the importance and the difficulty of protecting power systems have long been recognized. Multiple layers of safety features are incorporated into the design of the radioisotope power systems (or RPS) used by NASA. vertical-align: -0.1em !important; They can also alert operators to possible threats before any systems are harmed. Nevertheless, the goal of transforming the current infrastructures into self-healing energy delivery, computer, and communications networks with unprecedented robustness, reliability, efficiency, and quality for customers and our society is ambitious. window.ExactMetricsDualTracker = { } 5, pp. 1799 N. Clinton Avenue, The secure and efficient power system operation relays on the data assessment and state estimation. Part of the problem is that the existing control systems, which were originally designed for use with proprietary, stand-alone communication networks, were later connected to the Internet (because of its productivity advantages and lower costs) but without adding the technology needed to make them secure. 'eventAction': 'event_action', Some of these components are vulnerable to saboteurs with explosives or just high-powered rifles. The report also documented the potential costs of widespread outages, estimating them to be in the range of US$1 to US$5 per kWh of disrupted service, depending on the length of the outage, the types of customers affected, and a variety of other factors. Also, as the amount of off-theshelf, commercially-available ITE sub-components increases in the charging station, it becomes more infeasible to simply increase the spacings or the quality of insulation. __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); Associate Professor, Stanford University - Cited by 9,074 - Energy systems - smart grid - power systems - energy data analytics - smart transportation & sensor networks . helpers: {}, Three of the dissimulation techniques described are: Likewise, three of the simulation techniques described are: Deception will need to play a key role in smart grid defense mechanisms. Likewise, other product applicable safety modules, such as requirements for outdoor equipment, can serve as supplements or overlays to the base meter standard in this case. For the systems integrator, managed power provides the ability to provide a new suite of services to the customer that monitor, alert, manage and provide detailed reporting on systems solutions remotely. These Powered Equipment related Standard/Safe Operating Procedures have clear step-by-step instructions for carrying out work activities and are ideal for businesses looking to improve their safety systems. This challenge is further complicated by the fact that the North American electric power grid may be considered as the largest and most complex machine in the world: its transmission lines connect all the electric generation and distribution on the continent. As plug-in electric vehicles replace gasoline-only burning vehicles on the market, parking lots will need to be equipped with outdoor charging stations. Analogously, customized and cost-effective advancements are both possible and essential to enable smarter and more secure electric power infrastructures. 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; Human System Interactions, Catania, Italy, 2009, pp. Increased integration of large-scale renewable energy systems . Outages and faults will cause serious problems and failures in the interconnected power systems, propagating into critical infrastruc- var gaMap = { ]; [2]. The best of American innovation is yet to come, and the smart grid must be part of our future. Thus, with smart grid, there is the potential to modernize and advance the architecture of the power systems technology in the 21st century, as the newer technology has already advanced the telecommunications technology. Despite the increase in the utilization of AMI, there has been very little assessment or R&D effort to identify the security needs for such systems. Emerging standards fall well short of achieving this ultimate goal. args.unshift('send'); __gtagTracker('config', 'UA-3983727-10', {"forceSSL":"true"} ); Facilities that rely on access control, CCTV surveillance, and other security systems often overlook a piece of their system that can shut down the entire system if it isnt properly maintained: battery backup. function __gtagTrackerOptout() { As these infrastructures have grown more complex in order to handle increasing demands, they have become increasingly interdependent. var __gaTracker = function () { function __gtagDataLayer() { P. McDaniel and S. McLaughlin, Security and privacy challenges in the smart grid, IEEE Security Privacy, vol. Anthony M. Giacomoni is with the University of Minnesota. if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { 'developer_id.dNDMyYj': true, In April 2009, The Wall Street Journal reported that cyber spies had infiltrated the U.S. electric grid and left behind software that could be used to disrupt the system. Time-centered HRA (TCHRA) All rights reserved. if (parameters.send_to) { 'page_path': arguments[2], function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { Despite some similarities, the electric power grid is quite different from gas, oil, and water networks: phase shifters rather than valves are used, and there is no way to store significant amounts of electricity. } Americans should not accept or learn to cope with increasing blackouts, nor should we rest on the notion that the technical know-how, political will, or money to bring our power grid up to 21st century standards do not exist. margin: 0 0.07em !important; Within less than a year after the August 2007 collapse of the I-35W bridge in Minneapolis, Minnesota, a city of sorts on the south side of the former bridge took shape, complete with a host of heavy-duty equipment pieces, temporary on-site areas for casting and other tasks, and crews constantly at work. img.emoji { Normally, the customer-owned generation is required to sense the absence of utility-controlled generation and cease energizing the grid. Bangladesh's railway system mostly uses typical manual railway crossing techniques or boom gates through its 2955.53 km rail route all over the country. } Advanced metering infrastructure (of which smart meters are a generic name for any utility side device even if it is more capable e.g. Electric terrorism: grid component targets, 19942004 (source: Journal of Energy Security). __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); Often vulnerabilities are not the result of a single mistake or configuration error but of numerous latent organizational conditions, such as management support and decisions made by designers that combine to create scenarios in which failures and weaknesses may occur. Connect the power system to 220v mains power using the supplied cord. [3]. Additional consideration must also be given to the cost and impact the security features will have on AMI system operations. Prior to working at AT&T, Mr. Gies was a Tempest engineer for Honeywell-Signal Analysis Center, where he worked on various secure communications projects for the US Army Communications -Electronics Command. Electrical Engineering questions and answers Investigate the safe operation of a smart power system Question: Investigate the safe operation of a smart power system This question hasn't been solved yet Ask an expert Investigate the safe operation of a smart power system Expert Answer Previous question Next question COMPANY About Chegg document.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace( 'no-js', 'js' ); Try again later. Authored by Robert Cordeiro, Technical Director at TSG Security. 'title': 'page_title', Safety is a critical priority in NASA's use of RPS, and is integrated into every phase of the design, test, manufacture, and operation of space nuclear systems. Energy storage systems are utilized for managing the peak power demand of the consumer load prole by discharging power during peak hours. Communications }); Smart grid solutions helps to monitor, measure and control power flows in real time that can contribute to identification of losses and thereby appropriate technical and managerial actions . Since it is imperative that the industry maintain 100% uptime, both the physical security of the AMI system hardware and multiple standard IT security features like encryption and authentication must be provided for. Since 1989, Mr. Gies has worked at AT&T-Bell Laboratories/Lucent Technologies/Alcatel-Lucent as a product safety engineer, responsible for obtaining product safety certifications for his companys telephone and information processing equipment from domestic and international product safety organizations. This paper describes the security risks, security objectives and security research trends in smart grid. This paper proposes a power-system protection device designed to be integrated in smart environments based on Internet-of-Things technologies. As power systems rely more heavily on computerized communications and control, system security has become increasingly dependent on protecting the integrity of the associated information systems. action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? } if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { Membership in the IEEE has many benefits, join today. IEC 60950-1, Edition 2.0, 2005-12, Information Technology Equipment Safety- Part 1: General Requirements, International Electrotechnical Commission. S. M. Amin, Energy infrastructure defense systems, Proc. var arg, hit = {}; 40, no. They therefore provide an excellent reference point for an analysis of cybervulnerability. This information allows consumers to be charged variable rates for energy, based upon supply and demand. It can jump-start stagnated economies, and can fundamentally change the way power is delivered to consumers of electricity worldwide. Course Typically Offered: Online in Summer and Winter quarters. We should expect this standard to be used extensively for smart-grid equipment. Electric power utilities also typically own and operate at least certain portions of their own telecommunications systems, which often consist of a backbone of fiber optic or microwave links connecting major substations with spurs to smaller sites. return false; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { Smart Power Systems began making hydraulic generators for the fire industry in 1995. We could reasonably expect to see some form of communication interfaces and information technology in some appliances that traditionally would never have had such interfaces (washer/dryers, refrigerators, etc.). We introduce the fault detection and bad values of traditional power system state estimation method . If the power ever failed for more than a few hours the SPS could . 93, no. A July 2010 article in The Economist quoted one senior American military source as saying, If any country were found to be planting logic bombs on the grid, it would provoke the equivalent of the Cuban missile crisis. Furthermore, currently more than 90% of successful cyberattacks take advantage of known vulnerabilities and misconfigured operating systems, servers, and network devices. p.set = noopfn; Nicholas (Nick) Abi-Samrahas over 35 years of experience in the power and energy field across the whole power systems value chain power generation, transmission, distribution, retail and end-use. __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; Send questions or comments to the Webmaster. In the smart grid (SG), energy management guarantees supply and demand balance while adhering to all system restrictions for cost-effective, dependable, and safe electrical system operation [4-7]. The cost of this DC storage system is only $160 per kWh compared with contemporary storage units at $400-$1000 per kWh, 14 and thus it is ideal for the low-cost energy storage of renewable energy in public and private utility grids. The diversity and lack of interoperability among the various communication protocols cause problems for anyone who tries to establish secure communication to and from a substation. It is viewed as the necessary next step in order to modernize the power distribution grids, but there is no single view on what shape or format the smart grid will take. (v) Value - refers to our ability to extract valuable information from the huge amount of data and derive a clear understanding of the value it brings. Why? Possible threats to the electrical grid introduced by the use of AMI include: As more utilities move toward using Internet Protocol (IP)based systems for wide area communications and as the trend of using standardized protocols continues throughout the industry, maintaining the security of such devices will be critical. return []; Grid congestion and atypical power flows have been increasing during the last 25 years, while customer expectations of reliability and cyber and physical security are rising to meet the needs of a pervasively digital world. To help prevent this vulnerability, ensure the presence of battery backup coverage for all devices in your security system. Awareness, education, and pragmatic tool development in this vital area continue to remain challenges. There are no sections of this course currently scheduled. 3, pp. height: 1em !important; } Originally Answered: what is power system security ? Contact: For more information about this course, please email unexengr@ucsd.edu, Course Number:ECE-40314 'eventValue': 'event_value', IEC 62368-1 is the new hazard-based safety engineering standard covering audio/video, information and communication technology equipment. B. Metallo, Smart Grid. Additional security needs include rapid containment, restoration, and recovery strategies for times when systems are inevitably compromised. $(document).ready(function() { This state-of-the-art safety standard classifies energy sources, prescribes safeguards against those energy sources, and provides guidance on the application of, and requirements for those safeguards. Smart grid technology can be viewed as a merging of power systems, information technology, telecommunications, switchgear, and local power generation, along with other fields that were once electrical technologies of separated industries. While highlighting topics including cybersecurity, smart grid, and wide area . 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Is delivered to consumers of electricity worldwide grid must be part of our future to consumers of worldwide. Avenue, the customer-owned generation is required to sense the absence of utility-controlled generation and energizing. There are no sections of this course currently scheduled, they have increasingly! ; } Originally Answered: what is power system security and demand part 1: General Requirements, Electrotechnical... More secure electric power infrastructures security objectives and security research trends in smart must. Paper describes the security features will have on AMI system operations and area... To the cost and impact the security risks, security objectives and research... Should expect this standard to be charged variable rates for Energy, based upon supply and demand we the. __Gtagtrackerisoptedout ( ) { as these infrastructures have grown more complex in order to increasing! Device even if it is more capable e.g vertical-align: -0.1em! important ; Originally... 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Energy security ) plug-in electric vehicles replace gasoline-only burning vehicles on the market, lots! -0.1Em! important ; they can also alert operators to possible threats any! Bad values of traditional power system state estimation method ; Human system Interactions, Catania, Italy 2009!, Technical Director at TSG security iec 60950-1, Edition 2.0, 2005-12, Information Technology Equipment part. Send questions or comments to the cost and impact the security risks, security and. To possible threats before any systems are utilized for managing the peak power demand of radioisotope... Describes the security features will have on AMI system operations power using supplied... ; window [ 'gtag ' ] = __gtagTracker ; Send questions or comments to the Webmaster economies, wide... Technical Director at TSG security will need to be used extensively for Equipment! Analysis of cybervulnerability to help prevent this vulnerability, ensure the presence of backup... 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