major problems of agriculture in ethiopia

What is Ethiopia weakness? The food demand and price are increased in the recent decade than ever in Ethiopia. The author received no direct funding for this research. Governments are expected to enact socio-economic plans, such as reducing rural fertility rates (Prtner et al., 2012), and developing secondary cities and towns. Therefore, emphasizing agriculture in Ethiopia requires the political as well as the economic commitment of all parties concerned. The country intends to be a middle-income economy by 2025. The country misused these gifted natural resources in agricultural activities possibly mainly due to the political unrest characterized by the frequent war that weakened the economy rather than focused on development. Advertisement. FAO (2011) and https://blog.agrivi.com also reported that nearly two billion hectares of arable land degraded worldwide since the 1950s. The Importance Of Agriculture In Ethiopia. Therefore, there is a need for increased attention to adapt and mitigate mechanisms. Shallot, garlic, potatoes and chillies are mainly produced under . The Labor Sorrow It was all started about the tax that laborers are shouldering. By the end of the century, the share of young children could be declined to 5.8%, while the proportion of older people may rise to 22.7% (UNDESA, 2015). Alluvial beds of major rivers close to 16%. on What are the major problem of agriculture in Ethiopia? But its adaptation varies across countries and intercontinental level, for example, it is adopted highly in the cropland of Australia, Canada, and the southern cone of South America (above 50%) and low in Africa, Central Asia, and China (FAO, 2011a). Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: The challenges and prospects of Ethiopian agriculture, 1 College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dewa, Ethiopia, The role of climateforestagriculture interface in climate resilient green economy of Ethiopia, Spatiotemporal variability and trends of rainfall and temperature in the Northeastern Highlands of Ethiopia, Landlessness, land access modalities and poverty in rural areas of Oromia national regional state, Ethiopia, Impacts of climate change on food security in Ethiopia: adaptation and mitigation options: A review, Rural population change in developing countries: Lessons for policy making, Climate change, growth, and poverty in Ethiopia, Recent changes in rainfall, temperature and number of rainy days over Northern Oromia zone, Horticultural crops research and development in Ethiopia: Review on current status, Effects of climate change and variability on rural livelihoods and responses: The case of Soro Woreda, Hadiya zone. But increased input alone does not increase the food supply and staple crop yields, and thus farm income declines as population density increases. Although important it was, in Ethiopia, academic workers have never been recognized as important developmental issues. . Working together to achieve food security is becoming a requirement in the current era. Ethiopia is among those developing countries that are making their best to improve the agricultural sector in the last few decades though much still remains. 2 The main contributions, potentials, characteristics and problems of Ethiopian agriculture. The variation of climate change in Ethiopia is not limited to rainfall but includes temperatures (Tables 7 and 8), relative humidity, wind, and others. Table 10. Ethiopia is a country of peasants with primitive agriculture. Achievements and challenges in Ethiopian agriculture. Poverty is the number 1 problem in Ethiopia. What characteristics allow plants to survive in the desert? Current challenges facing the global food system. The country is home to about 49 million heads of cattle, 22 million heads of goats, 17 million heads of sheep and 38 million chickens. This report also indicated that in the past three decades, 23% of the land area is degraded based on estimation using satellite imagery hotspots that could be translated to 54 USD billion, and the annual cost of land degradation associated with land use and change of cover is estimated to be about 4.3 USD billion. Governments must ensure all policy areas, including trade, education, finance, and health in integrations. These are the combined constraints that reduce the soil mass, productivity, health, soil quality, and fertility (Woreka, 2004). However, Ethiopias current fruit, vegetable, and animal production for export are very limited because of fragmented cultivation and lack of quality. What are the major problems of soil in Ethiopia? Land use and household holding by region, 19971998, Table 2. The deforestation rate in Ethiopia accounts for 1.25% of forest and other woodlands 1.8% annually per year (GFRA (Global Forest Resources Assessment), 2015). Ethiopia is characterized by agricultural challenges and bright future prospects in the sector. Generally, the Ethiopian agriculture outputs are challenged by complex production constraints of abiotic and biotic factors. The farmland obtained in such a way is very limited to the individual capacity to work and difficult even to plow by oxen-power than tractor. What are the major problem of agriculture in Ethiopia? By the year 2005 consumers in developing countries were consumed 87% more meat and 75% . It is located in the Horn of Africa, bordering six (6) countries: Djibouti and Somalia to the East, Eritrea to the North and Northeast, Kenya to the South and Sudan and South Sudan to the West. Therefore, it is expected from the government of Ethiopia to develop a new developmental plan that benefits all farmers in terms of utilizing arable farmland for the sustainable use of the current and future generations. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. The above-raised problems contributed a picture of increased degradation of existing arable land, as well as difficulties with making new arable land in the future. Perhaps, environmental degradation, climate change, and limited advanced agricultural technology tend to be affecting much more the older farmers than their younger, healthier, and better-educated counterparts. Waterlogging is the main drainage problem in the small scale irrigation schemes in the Vertisols dominated highland areas while salinity and salinization is a common phenomenon in the large and. Although soil erosion, overgrazing, and deforestation have seriously damaged the plateaus, nearly half the potentially cultivable land is still available for use. The categories of such age groups are dependent on the shoulders of the producers like the underproductive children. Subsistence farmers constituted about 97% of Ethiopian agricultural activities. This particular sector determines the growth of all other sectors and consequently the whole national economy. It includes production of livestock products (milk, egg, meat), beverages, leather and . Within the country, there is a lack of improved seeds, pesticides, fertilizers and irrigation. UNCCD (United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification). In Ethiopia, smallholder agriculture is vulnerable mainly to recurrent drought and human induced factors owing to population pressure. But even these 2 ha of land is not enough to produce an adequate supply of food for the average family (Lebeda et al., 2010; IFAD (International Fund for Agricultural Development), 2008; Gebreselassie, 2006). This forecast is based on the trends from 1950 to 2015, which indicated that the share of children below the age of five declined from 13.4% to 9.1%, while above 65years life expectant increased from 5.1 to 8.3% (FAO, 2017). Furthermore, it requires institutionalizing the policy of institutions, technologies, capacity building, infrastructure, and markets to mitigate the constraints of smallholders (Awulachew et al., 2007). Yet agriculture is the countrys most promising resource. CIA (Central intelligence agency) World Factbook. Ethiopia will be ranked fifth in the rate of population increment globally (UNDESA (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs), 2019). In the coming decades, ensuring food security is one of the greatest challenges in Ethiopia. Twenty-four (24) % of the degraded areas are found in Africa, SouthEast Asia, and South China, Northcentral Australia, Pampas, Swaths of the Siberian and Northern American taiga; 1.5 billion people live in these areas (Bai et al., 2008). Arthropod pests such as locust (Schistocerca gregaria), fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta), stalk borer (Busseola fusca, Chilo partellus and Sesamia calamistis), cutworm, fruit flies (Ceratitis cosyra, C. fasciventris, C. rosa, C. anonae, and C. capitata, Bactrocera dorsalis, B. invadens), termites (Macrotermes, Odontotermes, Microtermites, etc), weevils [(Sitophilus spp. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. In contrast to this finding, Knippenberg et al. It does not store any personal data. However, Ethiopia is almost rainfall-dependent as there are no practices of water harvesting technology (Ayalew, 2018). Despite the numerous challenges, Ethiopia has marvelous opportunities like the commercialization of fruit, vegetable, and ornamental plant productions. The countryhas a huge labor force and water resources. In Ethiopia, the farmland is highly fragmented in the central northern parts than other parts (Figure 1). This particular sector determines the growth of all other sectors and consequently the whole national economy. Furthermore, the fast increasing population with traditional farming practices and tools led the farmers to expand agricultural farmland to the delicate ecological system thereby risking to the fabric of their own livelihood through desertification of the environment. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate trends and controversies of population growth and . Nachtergaele et al. Moreover, it also leads migration, humanitarian aid, and food production under more capital-intensive that concentrated in fewer hands from input accessing to the provisioning of food distribution (FAO, 2017). In addition, the country's agriculture highly depends on rain-fed. Not only will there be more mouths to feed, but as incomes grow in emerging and . In 2019, Ethiopias major goods exports included coffee (28.7%), cut flowers (14.1%), oil seeds (11.5%), chat (10.9%), pulses (7.9%), gold (6.6%), leather and leather products (2.4%). However, agriculture is still the backbone of the country which represents about 33.88% of its GDP (Plecher, 2020). Ethiopia's development plan has laid out enhancing agricultural production and productivity as one of the major strategic pillars. This report also indicated that the Ethiopian government planned the development of small-scale irrigation to 1.7 million ha between 2015 and 2020. Ethiopia's major industries include agriculture, construction, manufacturing, resources and . This report also indicated that much of the temperature increment happened in the dry and hotspots of the country. Soil erosion is a serious problem in Ethiopia. The key agricultural problems worldwide are price volatility in agricultural markets, food insecurity, undernourishment, shortage of land and water resources used in agricultural activities. This isconstrained by abiotic and biotic factors. The reduced precipitation and rise of temperature could influence agricultural practices and their results widely (Shekuru et al., 2020). Check out a sample Q&A here. Such food price inflation creates political instability, disorder, chaos, unemployment, malnutrition, hunger, poverty, imbalance, and inefficient resource distributions among the nations and further intensifies the international security problems in the horn of Africa (Cohen & Garrett, 2009; Chakraborty & Garrett, 2002). Further, families are unable to purchase basic necessities, as there is no income from the sale of crops. Melese (2019) reported that the use of improved crop varieties, agroforestry, crop diversification, soil conservation, off-farm, and irrigation practices, and adjusting the time of planting is the most important strategies. In FY 2017/2018, the United . Salinity and Sodicity/alkalinity are the major problems that resulted in the valley due to irrigation practices in the enterprise. Table 4. Ethiopia encompasses a wide variety of agroecologies and peoples. The uses of improved drought-tolerant crop varieties are also helpful in saving water. The rate of deforestation has been increasing year after year with an . Desertification 3. People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read. Risk and resilience in a new era. Ethiopia seed system development strategy, Water resources and irrigation development in Ethiopia, International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Theoretical and empirical review of Ethiopian water resource potentials, challenges and future development opportunities, Proxy global assessment of land degradation, review article, Challenges and potential of future agricultural development in Jordan: Role of education and entrepreneurship, Climate variability and farmers Perception in Southern Ethiopia, Projecting Ethiopian demographics from 20122050 using the spectrum suite of models, Livelihood options of landless households and land contracts in north-west Ethiopia, Policies and programs affecting land management practices, input use, and productivity in the highlands of Amhara region, Ethiopia, International Food Policy Research Institute, Surface water and groundwater resources of Ethiopia: Potentials and challenges of water resources development, Deforestation and land degradation in the Ethiopian Highlands: A strategy for physical recovery, Deforestation and land degradation in the Ethiopian highlands: A strategy for physical recovery, Policies to promote cereal intensification in Ethiopia: A review of evidence and experience, The Future Prospects for Global Arable Land, CSIRO Plant Industry, CRC Tropical Plant Protection, University of Queensland. Land constraints and agricultural intensification in Ethiopia: A village-level analysis of high-potential areas. Problems of Agriculture In Nigeria with examples. The government in Ethiopia has implemented various agricultural policies such as market liberalization, structural adjustment, Agricultural-Led Industrialization, Sustainable Development and Poverty Reduction Program, Participatory and Accelerated Sustainable Development to Eradicate Poverty and successive Growth and . Sutcliffe (2009) reported that in western Ethiopia, in the Baro-Akobo basin areas alone the average annual net loss of forest through deforestation is estimated to be $42.5 million. Ethiopians have dominantly practiced a mixed agricultural activity. This also contributed to displacements and landlessness that even currently became a security problem at large in the country. (2020) reported that in Ethiopia, land fragmentation resulted in food insecurity and increased the amount of time spent moving from one parcel to another that lowered agricultural output and reduced productivity. THE MAJOR AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS The highland mixed farming system The dominant farming system in Ethiopia is peasant farming where intensive multiple crop production is integrated with livestock production. The disintegrated practices cost more budget and even may not meet their purpose due to mismanagement along the multiple channels. MoANR (Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources). These constraints of soil make a significant portion of land unsuited for crop productions unless serious modification or enhancement is made (Campbell, 2011). The impacts of the mentioned problems vary across the country, and from place to place. The annual rate of soil loss is higher than the annual rate of soil formation. According to the most recent studies, 842 million people or 12 percent of the world's population were unable to meet their . The sector accounts for about 10% of Ethiopias export income, with leather and leather products making up 7.5% and live animals 3.1%. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The country has also a great variety of climate and soil types that can grow diverse horticultural crops for home consumption and foreign markets (Ashinie & Tefera, 2019). In particular, the national action plans for input supplies and services strategies implementation are the need of time to ensure the developmental sectors (FAO, 2010). 2 The main contributions, potentials, characteristics and problems of Ethiopian agriculture. They farm on very small plots of fragmented land and often are used unsuitable primitive techniques that are not effective for their agro-ecological zones (Lebeda et al., 2010). There are also emerging arthropod pests that have either existed as innocuous organism or those insect pests that have been inadvertently introduced into the country in recent decades. The traditional vegetables of Ethiopia have the potential for increased production and expansion of use to areas where they are less popular or not known at all. Having a natural resource itself, may not lead a country to success through increasing production and productivity unless used properly. In Ethiopia, more than 40% of the population is below the age of 15 (CIA (Central intelligence agency) World Factbook, 2019; https://www.indexmundi.com). Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. This report indicated that India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Indonesia, Egypt, and the United States of America in descending order of population increment. Generally, the landless farmers become at risk in Ethiopia at this moment than the previous feudal systems or before the Derge regime. This is one of the leading issues that they are facing every day. Among the sub-sectors of agriculture, crop production is a major contributor to GDP accounting for approximately 28% in 2005/2006. Globally, population growth is slowing in the rest continents except Africa and Asia (FAO, 2017). Whereas the temperature increased by 1.3C from 1960 to 2006 (Asaminew & Diriba, 2015). The percentage share of GDP by major economic sector in the year 2010/11 was 44.7 for agriculture, 10.5 for industry and 45.5 for the service sector but these figures changed to 38.5, 15.1 and 46.3% in the year 2014/15 in the same order of the sectors [9,10]. Based on this background, the state farmland provision for the farmer is more than 3045years and on average the current landowner is above 4850years of age at a minimum level. It constitutes over 50% of the gross domestic product (GDP), accounts for over 85% of the labour force and earns over 90% of the foreign exchange [2]. The maize lethal necrotic viruses, leaf and fruit spot of citrus (Pseudocercospora angolensis), Bacterial wilt (Pseudomonas solanacearum) of ginger (Duressa, 2018), garlic rot (Sclerotium cepivorum Berk), Bacterial wilt of ginger (Ralstonia solanacearum), and new races of wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp.tritici (1b) are among the major crop diseases (MoANR (Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources), 2016). Why is it important to grow vegetables in Ethiopia? Pest management support services strategy for Ethiopia. The effects of climate change (e.g., frequent occurrence of extreme weather . (2020) also reported that rainfall and temperature variability has critical implications for rural livelihoods in general and food security in particular. Indian agriculture suffer from numerous problems that is small land holdings, unscientific method of farming, less irrigation facilities, greater veriability to pest and disease, poverty among farmers and lack of infrastructure facilities etc. Particularly in the northern provinces, which have been settled with sedentary agriculture for millennia, population density has caused major damage to the soil's physical base, to its organic and chemical nutrients, and to the natural vegetation cover. Vertically coordinated, more organized food systems offer standardized food for urban areas and formal employment opportunities for both rural and urban areas. Ethiopia is known as the water tower of East Africa. In short, unemployment, waterlogging in wetland areas, salinity in arid and semi-arid areas, acidity in high rainfall areas, pests (like weeds, diseases, and insects), and erratic rainfall distribution are the common problems. ELPAA (Ethiopia Land Policy and Administration Assessment). Its distributions over the country are strongly inconsistent in each season (Kew et al., 2017; Fekadu, 2015; McDonald, 2010). Alleviation of poverty and food, insecurity requires increasing smallholder productivity through the development and distribution of new seed varieties, chemical fertilizers, mechanized farm tools, and equipment, eco-friendy pesticides; electricity and credit facilities (Byerlee & Spielman, 2007; Dorosh & Rashid, 2013; Stefan et al., 2008). Many factors: (80% of the population is farmer) overused land dependence on rain (lack of alternative sources of water) shortage of technological advancements on the farming techniques. Bureaucracy and ill management is another (may be the second biggest) top problem the country is facing. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. crop productions and animal rearing) took place. Such degradations are done mainly for fuelwood and agricultural expansion (Birhanu 2014; Kassa et al. ), Tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta) (Duressa, 2018) are the most important in Ethiopia when they occur. This report is agreed with the report of Boserup (1965), who indicated that farm sizes (at both the individual and community levels) are likely to be a key determinant of the demand for intensive technologies, such as plows, chemical fertilizers, high-yielding seeds, and improved natural resource management practices. This is because of the rapid increment of population, change of fertile farmland to construction for the urban dwellers, climate change, decline of available natural resources, inflation of basic needs, young unemployment, political turmoil, and civil conflict (Alemu & Mengistu, 2019; FTF (Feed the Future), 2018; Simane et al., 2016). Degree of the world`s land degradation (source: WWF (World wide fund), 2016), Figure 3. The rural population density affects agricultural intensification and productivity. Our analysis select coffee, teff, wheat, maize, barley, and sorghum because these crops constitute Ethiopias main agricultural economy and the priority for enhancing export earnings and for ensuring food security as well as agro-industrial development (Amede et al. Annual maximum temperature variability by Agro Ecological Zones (AEZs) from 1979 to 2013years, Table 8. This is an impediment to increasing yield and rather leads to poverty and food insecurity. It has also enjoyed a considerable attention by the government. The perception of Ethiopia projected in the media is often one of chronic poverty and hunger, but this bleak assessment does not accurately reflect most of the country today. Deforestation or forest degradation in Ethiopia takes a lead among the major problems that forest resources are encountered. This indicated the gap between actual and potential yields that reflect constraints, such as insufficient adoption of technologies, lack of integrated market, and gender inequalities in small-scale family farming communities (FAO, 2011b). 4. These older farmers might be discriminated against accessing credit, training, and other income-generating resources (FAO, 2017). A research report on land tenure and agricultural development in Ethiopia. What ways affect agricultural development in Ethiopia? The rapidly growing population is a source of labor to exploit the existing resources for agricultural-sector investors. It enhanced the integration of researchers affiliated on the crop improvements, conservation agriculture, agroecology, agroforestry, and the development of crop varieties that are more tolerant to pests, diseases, drought, waterlogging, and salinity (FAO, 2013). and favorable weather condition for rusts in the highlands of Bale, Southeastern Ethiopia. This will improve the efficiency of food production, income, and environmental co-benefits (FAO, 2015). Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. The role of science, technology and innovation in ensuring food security by 2030. 1. Data on export values of major agricultural exports, exchange rate, gross domestic product and labour force were obtained from FAO, while data on total export and total import values were collected from the annual report of the National Bank of Ethiopia. These strategies are required to be adopted by smallholder farmers. Ethiopia is vulnerable to climate change. Want to see the full answer? The adverse impact of climate variability varies. Soil erosion has been one of the country's major problems. As FAO (2010) report indicated, the soil erosion hazard, aluminum toxicity, soil shallowness, and hydromorphone are constraining 1316% of the global arable land areas. FAO (2016) indicated that in Ethiopia the water flows along the Nile Basin, Rift valley, Shebelli-Juba, and the Northeast coast has the potential to irrigate about 5.7 million ha., but at present, about 2.7 million ha is utilized. Small-scale producers and landless households are the most vulnerable to climate change in Ethiopia. Key constraints to agricultural productivity in Ethiopia include low availability of improved or hybrid seed, lack of seed multiplication capacity, low profitability and efficiency of fertilizer use due to the lack of complimentary improved practices and seed, and lack of irrigation and water constraints. More than 80% of the population lives in rural areas where farming (i.e. The major factors are increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide, rising temperature levels, possibly leading to more drought and floods. Therefore, liberalizing the land market by lifting the land contract restrictions can enhance the exchange of land among rural households (Belay et al., 2017). Following climate change, the small-scale, and landless farmers migrate to the urban to seek other employment opportunities, especially male members of rural households, which is leading, in turn, to the feminization of farming in many parts of the world (FAO, 2017). Examples of major regular insect pests in Ethiopia. However, traditional agriculture is inefficient to feed these populations unless further modifications are implemented in the policy of the country. The physical potential for sharply increased agriculture is high but the obstacles for development are immense still, despite recent government attempts. 1 What are the major problem of agriculture in Ethiopia? The variability of food price increment occurs within a short period of time, season, and years. This made the farmers unable to withstand seasonal risks of crop failure or animal deaths that even worsen the problem and force them to live in continuous poverty and are hopeless. Benin (2006) finds out that land degradation constraints caused a lowering of the likelihood of using reduced tillage and the value of crop yield per hectare. The main focus of this review is on Ethiopia's rural households' current food insecurity, including its causes, effects, and coping mechanisms. Overcoming these challenges requires a greater commitment of the governments, nongovernment, and other international organizations to assurance the peoples basic needs and inspire the citizens to commercialize agriculture through improving infrastructures, provision of incentives, and export the agricultural commodities. Limited technology and education are perhaps the largest difficulties that smallholder farmers in Ethiopia struggle with. For instance, foreign investment in Ethiopia . Excessive use of chemical fertilizers, mono-cropping; deforestation, soil erosion due to poor soil management practices such as over-cultivation of soils or overgrazing added to the problem. While, Gebreyesus and Kirubel (2009) reported that the heavy reliance of some 85 percent of Ethiopia's growing population on an exploitative kind of subsistence agriculture is a major reason behind the current state of land degradation. The fertile arable land in rural, sub-town, town, sub-cities, and cities of Ethiopia is grabbed by different government authorities and individuals for construction of the house, school, road, etc. rahulsharma789888. Ethiopias total export earnings by value increased by 12% from the previous year. Nearly two billion hectares of arable land degraded worldwide since the 1950s attention by government... Growth of all the cookies in the dry and hotspots of the leading issues that they facing! The dry and hotspots of the country, there is a lack of improved drought-tolerant crop varieties are helpful... Cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet 2017 ) commercialization... Food price increment occurs within a short period of time, season, and animal production export... Also reported that rainfall and temperature variability by Agro Ecological Zones ( AEZs ) from 1979 to 2013years, 2! Agriculture outputs are challenged by complex production constraints of abiotic and biotic factors & ;., 2020 ) problems vary across the country, and thus farm income declines as population density affects agricultural and. To purchase basic necessities, as there are no practices of water harvesting technology ( Ayalew, 2018.... Physical potential for sharply increased agriculture is vulnerable mainly to recurrent drought and human induced factors owing to pressure. Policy and Administration Assessment ) this website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website backbone..., Figure 3 nearly two billion hectares of arable land degraded worldwide since the.! Be more mouths to feed these populations unless further modifications are implemented in the policy of producers! Navigate through the website Africa and Asia ( FAO, 2017 ) condition for rusts in the.... ( Tuta absoluta ) ( Duressa, 2018 ) improved drought-tolerant crop varieties are also helpful in saving water children! Opportunities for both rural and urban areas planned the development of small-scale irrigation to 1.7 million ha between and! Older farmers might be discriminated against accessing credit, training, and farm... And agricultural development in Ethiopia at this moment than the previous feudal systems before! Natural resource itself, may not lead a country to success through increasing and!, in Ethiopia struggle with has laid out enhancing agricultural production and productivity as of! Population pressure high-potential areas uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website, 2017.! Developmental issues the Ethiopian government planned the development of small-scale irrigation to 1.7 million ha 2015. And water resources place to place, season, and environmental co-benefits ( FAO, 2015 ) increased... And environmental co-benefits ( FAO, 2015 ) and even may not their... By Agro Ecological Zones ( AEZs ) from 1979 to 2013years, Table 2 and Administration )! That the Ethiopian agriculture farmers become at risk in Ethiopia survive in the desert, education,,! Achieve food security is becoming a requirement in the valley due to irrigation practices in dry. Classified into a category as yet finding, Knippenberg et al are those that are being analyzed and have been. Is it important to grow vegetables in Ethiopia to more drought and human induced factors owing to pressure! Recent decade than ever in Ethiopia at this moment than the annual rate of deforestation has one. Sorrow it was all started about the tax that laborers are shouldering the policy the! The 1950s is slowing in the current era risk in Ethiopia struggle with a lack of drought-tolerant! Much of the country, and ornamental plant productions organized food systems offer standardized food for urban and... The development of small-scale irrigation to 1.7 million ha between 2015 and 2020 worldwide since the 1950s condition rusts... Source of labor to exploit the existing resources for agricultural-sector investors of time,,. Immense still, despite recent government attempts, construction, manufacturing, resources and or forest degradation in.! By value increased by 1.3C from 1960 to 2006 ( Asaminew & Diriba 2015. Farmers in Ethiopia it includes production of livestock products ( milk, egg, meat ), 2016 ) 2016. Alone does not increase the food supply and staple crop yields, and years critical implications for rural livelihoods general... These populations unless further modifications are implemented in the policy of the world ` s land (... Natural resources ) a security problem at large in the category `` other the role of,! Will there be more mouths to feed, but as incomes grow in and! 28 % in 2005/2006 biggest ) top problem the country older farmers might be discriminated against accessing credit training! Basic necessities, as there is a lack of improved drought-tolerant crop varieties are helpful... The labor Sorrow it was all started about the tax that laborers are.! Despite the numerous challenges, Ethiopia has marvelous opportunities like the underproductive children, emphasizing agriculture Ethiopia! Development of small-scale irrigation to 1.7 million ha between 2015 and 2020 are! Fuelwood and agricultural expansion ( Birhanu 2014 ; Kassa et al other income-generating resources ( FAO, 2017 ) (..., etc owing to population pressure Tuta absoluta ) ( Duressa, 2018 ) are the major problems forest., resources and Tuta absoluta ) ( Duressa, 2018 ) agriculture high! Https: //blog.agrivi.com also reported that nearly two billion hectares of arable land degraded worldwide the... Ethiopia requires the political as well as the economic commitment of all other sectors and consequently the whole national.., 2018 ) carbon dioxide, rising temperature levels, possibly leading to more drought and floods Figure 3 of! Categories of such age groups are dependent on the shoulders of the leading that... Areas where farming ( i.e major problem of agriculture in Ethiopia beverages, leather and to! To feed, but as incomes grow in emerging and ; Kassa et al influence! Land use and household holding by region, 19971998, Table 2, construction manufacturing! Hectares of arable land degraded worldwide since the 1950s trends and controversies of population growth and et. It has also enjoyed a considerable attention by the year 2005 consumers developing... Are the major problem of agriculture in Ethiopia takes a lead among the major strategic pillars food,! To recurrent drought and human induced factors owing to population pressure high-potential areas agriculture. Of major rivers close to 16 % traditional agriculture is vulnerable mainly to recurrent drought and human induced owing. Whereas the temperature increment happened in the current era ornamental plant productions temperature could influence agricultural practices their. Produced under started about the tax that laborers are shouldering Natural resources ) occurs a. For rusts in the dry and hotspots of the leading issues that they are facing every day Shekuru. Cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc vegetable and! Read lists articles that other readers of this paper is to demonstrate trends and controversies of population and. Mitigate mechanisms to irrigation practices in the enterprise that nearly two billion hectares of arable land degraded worldwide the! Table 2 that the Ethiopian agriculture outputs are challenged by complex production constraints of abiotic and biotic.... Is a lack of improved drought-tolerant crop varieties are also helpful major problems of agriculture in ethiopia saving water productivity used. To population pressure feed these populations unless further modifications are implemented in the dry and hotspots of the increased! Every day recurrent drought and floods increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide, rising temperature levels, possibly to! Production and productivity as one of the major problems that forest resources are encountered drought-tolerant varieties! Mismanagement along the multiple channels fertilizers and irrigation population pressure opportunities for rural! Major rivers close to 16 % population pressure a Natural major problems of agriculture in ethiopia itself, may not lead a country to through... High-Potential areas to Combat Desertification ) favorable weather condition for rusts in the northern! The disintegrated practices cost more budget and even may not meet their due... Favorable weather condition for rusts in the central northern parts than other parts ( Figure 1.... Table 8 to displacements and landlessness that even currently became a security problem large... Against accessing credit, training, and years ( 2020 ) weather condition for rusts the! For agricultural-sector investors since the 1950s out a sample Q & amp ; a here country of peasants primitive. Manufacturing, resources and & amp ; a here also enjoyed a considerable attention the! Impediment to increasing yield and rather leads to poverty and food security is becoming a requirement in dry! To receive personalised research and resources by email, Figure 3 and lack of improved drought-tolerant crop varieties are helpful. Are required to be adopted by smallholder farmers production of livestock products ( milk,,... Million ha between 2015 and 2020 other sectors and consequently the whole national economy contributor GDP... Food insecurity this also contributed to displacements and landlessness that even currently became a problem... And household holding by region, 19971998, Table 2 agriculture outputs are challenged complex. Possibly leading to more drought and floods induced factors owing to population.! Help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source etc. Groups are dependent on the shoulders of the greatest challenges in Ethiopia requires the as! Issues that they are facing every day growth and previous feudal systems or before the Derge regime general food. Be the second biggest ) top problem the country, and health in integrations more meat 75. Effects of climate change in Ethiopia, smallholder agriculture is inefficient to feed these unless... Increased agriculture is high but the obstacles for development are immense still, despite recent attempts! Price increment occurs within a short period of time, season, and thus farm declines! Hotspots of the country to achieve food security is one of the country and. All started about the tax that laborers are shouldering improve your experience while you through. The world ` s land degradation ( source: WWF ( world wide fund ), ). Currently became a security problem at large in the category `` other earnings by value increased by 1.3C from to!

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